Why So Many Jurisdictions?
One of the most confusing things about Orthodoxy in America is the alphabet soup of jurisdictions: OCA, GOARCH, Antiochian, ROCOR, Serbian, Romanian, Bulgarian — the list goes on. To an outsider, it can look like Orthodoxy is hopelessly divided. The reality is more nuanced.
All canonical Orthodox churches share the same faith, the same sacraments, the same theology, and full communion with one another. A baptism in the OCA is recognized by the Greek Archdiocese, and vice versa. You can receive Communion at any canonical Orthodox parish regardless of jurisdiction.
The Major Jurisdictions
Greek Orthodox Archdiocese of America (GOARCH)
The largest Orthodox jurisdiction in the United States, under the Ecumenical Patriarchate of Constantinople. Known for vibrant Greek cultural traditions alongside increasingly English-language worship.
Orthodox Church in America (OCA)
An autocephalous (self-governing) church with roots in the Russian missionary presence in Alaska. The OCA is known for using predominantly English and for its multi-ethnic, convert-friendly parishes.
Antiochian Orthodox Christian Archdiocese
Under the Patriarchate of Antioch, with a large number of convert parishes. Known for extensive use of English and a welcoming approach to seekers.
Russian Orthodox Church Outside of Russia (ROCOR)
Originally formed by Russian emigres fleeing the Bolshevik revolution. Now in communion with the Moscow Patriarchate. Known for traditional worship and strong monastic life.
Serbian, Romanian, Bulgarian, and Other Jurisdictions
Each serves its respective ethnic community while increasingly reaching out to English-speaking Americans.
When choosing a parish, don't worry too much about jurisdiction. Focus on finding a community where you can worship, grow, and be fed — regardless of which patriarchate it falls under. The faith is the same.
Contributing Writer
Peter is a convert to Orthodoxy and a freelance journalist who writes about church history, jurisdictional dynamics, and the growth of Orthodoxy in America.
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